Kashmir's stone-pelters face off against pellet guns

Kashmir's stone-pelters face off against pellet guns

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Security forces using shotguns to disperse crowds of stone-throwing young people in the Indian-ruled region of Himalayan Kashmir have killed more than 100 people, blinding hundreds and maiming thousands over the past year.

. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton
. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton

Right: "My parents tell me not to do stone pelting but I do, as we want freedom from India. I was hit by pellets in 2016. Two pellets are still in my body," 19-year-old student said.

The protests have unleashed a political crisis in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, governed for the first time by a regional party in coalition with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party, which draws support from India's Hindu majority.

. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton
. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton

Left: "I've been in crowd control since 2008. First we chase the stone pelters. We fire tear gas only when the crowd gets out of control," 47-year-old police officer said.

The clashes, sparked by the July 8, 2016 killing by security forces of separatist militant Burhan Wani, have recently spread to college campuses and schools.

They are drawing a new generation into a decades-old struggle for 'azaadi', or independence, for India's only Muslim-majority region, which is also claimed by neighbouring Pakistan.

. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton
. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton

"If I get a weapon, I am ready to join the militancy – but for the time being, the stone is our weapon," said one 23-year-old student, who asked not to be identified.

He is one among many young men in the state's summer capital of Srinagar, who find themselves fighting street battles, slinging stones at pellet gun-wielding police officers from their own communities, and even their own families.

"My father is in the police, posted in Srinagar," the protester added. "He used to tell me to join the police, but now he does not insist."

. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton
. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton

Slender employment prospects prompt many residents of Srinagar to join the police force.

"I am the son of a farmer and joined the police as I had no job," said one 25-year-old officer.

"We are part of the same society, and using force against children is very difficult for us. We try to exercise maximum restraint – that is why we get injured."

. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton
. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton

Right: "I was hit by pellets last year during stone pelting and taken to a nearby hospital. There were 48 pellets in my body, out of which 35 were removed and rest are still inside," 18-year-old student said.

Pellet guns are intended not to be lethal, but their use by India's security forces has caused severe injuries and several deaths of bystanders, women and children among them.

Human rights groups have urged India to renounce their use, calling it a violation of United Nations' principles of restraint.

. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton
. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton

Left: "I joined the police as I had no job. Being part of the police force is very difficult for me under these circumstances but I have no choice. Even our own children and relatives take part in these protests," 24-year-old police officer said.

Militant gunmen have killed police officers in their own homes in a wave of fatal attacks in recent months.

. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton
. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton

Left: "I have joined the police as I had no job. We don’t want to fire tear gas or pellets at the protesters but we do it for public safety after mobs go on the rampage. We have to protect life and public property," 25-year-old police officer said.

Some protesters rebel not only against Indian rule, but also against their parents. Each wave of street protests – the last were in 2008 and 2010 – radicalizes a new wave of young people.

. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton
. Srinagar, INDIA. Reuters/Cathal McNaughton

"I was hit by pellets during stone pelting," said one 20-year-old student. "I have 80 percent vision in my right eye now, but if I get a chance, I can pick up a gun."

India and Pakistan have fought two of their three wars since independence in 1947 over Kashmir, which each claims in full but rules only in part.

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